Expanding drill.



'H. J. FREEON..

EXPANDING DRILL.

APPLICATION FILED JULY II.I9I1.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

Patented Maiz 26,

H. l. FREEON.

EXPANDING DRILL. APPLICATION FILED xuLY mm1.

Patented Mar. 26, 1918.

' i SE@ hill EXPANDING DRILL.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 245, 19t.

Application led July 11, 1917. Serial No. 179,867.

T0 aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY J. FREEoN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Santa Maria, in the county of Santa Barbara and State of California, have invented a new and useful Expanding Drill, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to means for drilling oil or Artesian well holes and particu larly to a device, adapted to be passed through the well-casing, which will drill a hole of suilicient diameter that the casing may be readily lowered.

The object of the invention is to provide a device of this class which shall be extremely simple and cheap in construction and positive, durable and efficient in operation.

This invention consists generally in an.

expanding` drill comprising in combination a body, a spring actuated mandrel mounted therein, and a bit pivotally mounted on said mandrel, said body provided with a tilting shoulder and upthrust bearing faces, and said bit provided with a surface to contact with and rock upon said shoulder into contact with the bearing faces of saidbody.

A preferred embodiment of this invention consists in an expanding drill comprising in combination a body, said bodyT provided with a central bore and having oneend of the body wall out away to form a tilting shoulder, a mandrel having its upper diameter reduced to receive a helical spring, a key extending through the body and the mandrel forming a seat for the spring, said mandrel terminating in ears at its lowerV end, a bit having a stem terminating in a tongue, which tongue is slidably pivoted to the ears ofthe mandrel, said bit provided with a stepped surface to contact with and rock upon the tilting shoulder of the body.

This invention consists further in the construction and combination of parts hereinafter described and particularly pointed out in the claims and will be more readily understood by reference to the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification, in which,-

Figure 1 is aside elevation with parts broken away illustrating the drill as it appears when passing through the well casing.

Fig. 2 is a front elevation with parts broken away illustrating the drill when in an expanded position ready for drilling.

Fig. 3 is a side elevation corresponding to Fig. 1 with the drill lowered through the well-casing andthe bit expanded into operative position.

Fig. 4 is a side elevation illustrating the expanded drill in operation at the bottom of a well-casing and the bit expanded into operative position.

Fig. 5 is an inverted plan view of the bit.

Fig. 6 is a sectional view along the line m6 of Fig. l.

Fig. 7 is a sectional view along the line ai? of Fig.l l,

As shown by the drawings, represents a body which is formed with a central bore 3. The lower end of the body is cut away to form a tilting shoulder a, the face 5 of which is inclined downwardly and outwardly toward the periphery. The face l5 of the body is preferably inclined to co1:- respond with the inclination of the face 5. and is in stepped relation thereto. The side face 7 of the shoulder preferably eX- tends at a right angle to the face 5. A mandrel 8 is mounted within the circular bore 3. The upper portion of the mandrel 8 has its diameter reduced to receive the helical spring 9, which spring is held in place under tension by the flanged collar 10 and compressed by the nut 11. The cotter pin 12 looks the nut 11. Through a slot 13 in the body 2 a key 14 extends through an elongated slot 15 of the mandrel 8. The key 11i forms a seat :for the spring 9. A pin 16 guards against any possibility of the key 14 slippingI out of position. The lower end of the mandrel 8 terminates in two ears 17.

18 represents the bit proper, which is proi vided with a stem 19 extending into the central bore 3 of the body 2. The stem 19 terminates in a tongue 20 which fits in be` tween the ears 17 of the mandrel 8. Through elongated slots Q1 in the ears 1'? a pin 22 extends through a hole 23 in the tongue 2() to provide a moving fulcrum point of the bit stem 19 upon the mandrel S.

An obvious equivalent of the moving fulcrum point would be secured by reversing the slots 21 and the hole 23, constructing an elongated slot in the tongue 20 and suitable holes in the. ears 17.

A section of the bit proper 18 is out away to form the faces 24, 25, which are in stepped relation to form the shoulder 26.` The faces 24: and 25 are preferably substantially at'right angles to the longitudinal axis of thebit and the side face. 2? of the shoulder 1 lll) 2G extends substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the bit. The periphery 28 of the bit proper 18 is preferably of the same diameter as the periphery of the body The lower end ol" the bit 1S is dressed out to Jform the projection 29 and the cutting edge 30 of the bitis of any construction or design preferred.

The operation is as tollowsz-illhile the device is passing through the casing the parts are in the positions shown in Fig. 1. The tension of the spring 9 on the mandrel 8 pulls the bit upwird. The outer edge ot the 'face contacts with the outer edge oit' the surface 5 ot the tilting shoulder 4. The opposite lower end :tace 31. of the bit proper contacts with the interior of the well casing. The side 38 of the stem 19 contacts with the interior wall oi.E the bore 3. 1n this position the longitudinal axis ot the bit is practically in a line with the longitudinal axis of the body and the drill may be lowered readily through the woll casing.

As soon as the drill has been lowered below the well casing the parts are in the positions shown in Fig. 3. The tension oi the spring 9 on the mandrel 8 pulls upward on the bit. The tace 24 of the bit contacts with the inclined surface 5 oit the tilting shoulder f1 and the bit rocks upon said shoulder. rl`he longitudinal axis or the bit expands at an angle to the longitudinal axis oi the body. The .face 25 of the shoulder Q6 contacts with the inclined iace 6 ot the body. The side face 27 of the shoulder 26 contacts with the side face 7 of the shoulder Ll. The stein 19 piyoted on the pin has slipped along the elongated. slots 21 of the ears 17. The side stem 36 of the stem 19 contacts with the interior wall olf the bore 3.

When it is desired to withdraw the expanded drill from the well casing, as the drill is raised the periphery ot the bit strikes the interior ot the well casing and the bit is forced back into alinement with the body 2. The pressure exerted by the well casing causes the bit to rock back on the tilting shoulder and assume the position of Fig. 1'.

The construction of this drill is such that it can readily withstand severe strains and jolts from unusual angles. For instance, were the point 34: in the Fig. 3 to strike a projection the strain would be borne by the face 25 oi the shoulder 26 contacting with the inclined upthrust bearing face 6. The side face Q7 would contact with the side face 7 ot' the tilting shoulder 4.-. rl`he side 36 of the stem 19 would. contact with the interior 4wall o1c the bore 3. The face 24 of thebit would Contact with the upthrust `bearing 5 of the tilting=shoulder4- ln'this manner lthe strain would 'be evenly 'distributed vand adequately cz-uefdU for. Likewise, if the-.cor-

ner :.35 "wereto i strike f an f obstacle, the 'two :inclined upthrustebearing faceszfd andzthe Contact of the stem on the interior wall oit the bore `would meet and readily care for this strain without any danger of distortion or breaking. l

It will be noted that the elongated slots in the ears 17 provide a means for the stem 19 piyoted at the pin to slide. rlhis allows the side 88 of the stein to contact with the interior wall o1" the bore when in the contracted position of Fig. 1, and by sliding along these elongated slots during the rocking of the bit on the tilting shoulder the opposite side 3G oi the stem 19 contacts with the interior wall of the bore when the drill is in the expanded position of Fig. 3.

The construction of the tilting shoulder l and the shoulder 2li. ot' the bit provides an expanding drill which is practically solid in formation when .in the expanded position.

I claim:

1. An expansion drill comprising a body, a spring actuated mandrel mounted therein, and a bit pivotally mounted on said mandrel, the lower end of said body provided with a tilting shoulder and upthrust bearing faces, and said bit extending below the end of said body and provided with a surtace to Contact with and rock upon said shoulder into Contact. with the bearing faces of said body.

2. An expansion drill comprising a body, a spring actuated mandrel mounted therein, and a bit pivotally mounted on said mandrel, the lower end of said body provided with a tilting shoulder having an inclined bearingface, and said bit extending below the end of said body and provided with a surface tocontact with and rock upon said inclined bearing face.

3. An expansion drill comprising a body, a spring actuated mandrel mounted therein, and a bit `pivotally mounted on said inandrel, the lower end ot said body provided with stepped inclined bearing faces, and said bit extending below the end ot said body and provided with surfaces to contact with and rock upon said inclined bearing `laces.

1l. An expansion drill comprising abody, a spring actuated mandrel mounted therein, and a bit lpiyotally mounted on said .mandrel, the lower end of' said body provided with a tilting shoulder, `and said bit extending below the end o' said body and provided with a shoulder to contact with -said tilting shoulder.

5. An expansion drill comprising a body, a spring actuated mandrel mounted therein, and a bit pivotally mounted -on saidV mandrel, the lower end of said bodyprovided with a.` tilting shoulder and two inclined bearing `faces, a side -face'on saidtilting. shoulder, fandsaid'bit extending below Atheiend of said body andfprovided:with a' shoulder-f andttwo gea-ring facespand; afside face" on' saidsshoulf .l f. er.

6. An expansion drill comprising a body, a spring actuated mandrel mounted therein, and a bit pivotally mounted on said mandrel, the lower end of said body provided with two inclined bearing faces in stepped relation to each other, and said bit extending below the end of said body and provided with two faces in stepped relation to each other to contact with said inclined bearing faces,

7. An expansion drill comprising a body, a mandrel mounted therein, a bit extending below the end of said body and connected to said mandrel, said body provided with a tilting shoulder, spring means to cause such tilting, and a key Ato form a seat for the spring means.

8. An expanding drill comprising a body, a mandrel mounted therein, and a bit extending below the end of said body, said bitprovided with a tongue, said tongue pivoted to said mandrel and adapted to slide transversely within said body.

9. An expansion drill comprising a body, a spring actuated mandrel mounted therein, and a bit slidably pivoted to said mandrel, said body having` a tilting shoulder and upthrust bearing faces, and said bit extending below the end of said body and provided with a surface to Contact with and rock upon said shoulder.

10. An expansion drill comprising a body, a spring actuated mandrel mounted therein, said mandrel terminating in ears, and a bit, said bit extending below the end of said body and having a tongue pivoted to said ears, said tongue being transversely slidable within said ears.

1l. An expansion drill comprising a body, a spring actuated mandrel mounted therein, said mandrel having ears, and a bit, said bit having a tongue slidably pivoted to said ears, said body provided with a tilting` shoulder and upthrust bearing faces, and. said bit extending below the end of said body and provided with a surface to contact with and rock upon said shoulder into contact with the bearing faces of said body.

l2. An expansion drill comprising a body, a spring actuated mandrel mounted therein, and a bit slidably pivoted to said mandrel, said bit having a stem adapted to contact on one side of the interior wall of the body when the bit is contracted, and on the opposite side with the interior wall of the body when the bit is expanded.

13. An expansion drill comprising a body, a spring actuated mandrel mounted therein, and a circular bit pivoted to said mandrel, said bit and said body having circumferences of substantially the same diameters.

14. The combination, of a hollow body, a spring-actuated mandrel mounted therein, and a bit provided with a tongue pivoted to said mandrel and adapted to slide transversely within said body, forming an expanding drill having substantially a solid periphery when in an expanded position.

15. A combination, of a circular body, a spring actuated mandrel mounted therein, and a circular bit having the same diameter as said body, said body provided with a tilting shoulder and upthrust bearing faces, and said bit provided with a surface to contact with and rock upon said shoulder into contact with the bearing faces of said body.

16. An expanding drill comprising a body, a spring actuated mandrel mounted therein, a bit pivoted to said mandrel, said bit and said body provided with interengaging surfaces extending completely around the cir cumference, forming substantially a solid continuous surface when in an expanded position,

Signed Los Angeles, California, this 3d day of July, 1917.

HENRY J. FREEON.

Witnesses:

FREDERICK S. LYON, L. BELLE WEAVER.

Geniet of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the "Commissioner of atente,

Washington, E. G. 

